Global Climate Change A Threat Of Aphid Populations Essay

Global Climate Change: A Threat to Aphid Populations Abstract Global climate change is a matter of grave concern in the present scenario casting its significant and lasting effect on the flora and fauna dwelling over earth. A number of factors such as biotic processes, variations in solar radiation received by earth, plate tectonics, volcanic eruptions certain human activities can be considered as key components responsible for this devastating phenomenon. Aphid populations are also under potential threat by the effects caused by the changes in the climatic conditions posing a direct and indirect effect on the predators consuming aphids as food resulting in overall ecological imbalance. Keywords: Global climate change, aphids, ecological imbalance. Global Climate Change We are now threatened by self-inflicted, swiftly moving environmental shifts whose long-term biological and ecological consequences result in the depletion of the protective ozone layer, global warming observed in the last 150 years, obliteration of an acre of forest every second, rapid-fire extinction of species and the prospect of a global nuclear war which can threaten the survival of both plants and animals. There may be other such risks we are unaware off at present. Individually and cumulatively, these dangers designate the presence of a trap being set for human species. However principled and lofty the justifications may have been for the activities that brought forth these dangers,Show MoreRelatedEssay on A Better Earth4696 Words   |  19 Pageselse to do, they would just take steps to make the patient as comfortable as possible until the end came. However, this is not a human patient. It is our home - the earth. The store scenario well depicts what is happening to our planet, dirty air, global warning, polluted waters, and toxic wastes are just a few of the maldies of our very ill earth. Like the doctors mentioned above, the experts are in a quandary as to what to do. The media regularly call attention to the earths poor health with suchRead MoreOld World Versus New World: the Origins of Organizational Diversity in the International Wine Industry12101 Words   |  49 PagesWorld viticulture and viniculture is highly concentrated and vertically integrated. This paper argues that these fundamental organizational differences appeared from the turmoil in wine markets at the turn of the twentieth century. As technological change endangered existing rents, growers, wine-makers, and merchants lobbied governments to introduce laws and create new institutions that regulated markets in their favor. The political voice and bargaining p ower of the economic agents varied greatlyRead MoreAn Introduction to Hydrophonics and Controlled Environment Agriculture40110 Words   |  161 PagesScandinavia during the late 70’s lead to the development of the chemically inert, pathogen free root substrate Rockwool. Other substrates were developed later (RW first used as insulation, 1937, Denmark Sweden). Insect pests can multiply quickly in the climate controlled environment of the greenhouse, and there were few chemicals registered for greenhouse pest control. Again, research in The Netherlands led to the development of the beneficial insect industry. Farmers had known about â€Å"beneficials†, butRead MoreEssay on Silent Spring - Rachel Carson30092 Words   |  121 PagesExhibit A is the infamous campaign against the Japanese beetle, a Chapters Four, Five, and Six 7 frenzy that swept the Midwest in the late fifties. In the first place, Carson argues, there was no real evidence that the beetle constituted a serious threat. Secondly, officials failed to warn the public of potential risks involved in combating the insect with pesticides. Chapter Eight Not surprisingly, at the very heart of Silent Spring lies a chapter called And No Birds Sing, where the author

The Ethical Issue Of Raider Inc. - 965 Words

1. The ethical issue in this case is that Jon suggests to default the debt with Johnson Printing, a small business that has been loyal to Pacific Life Books (PLB). This is an ethical issue because Raider Inc. has the resources to pay off PLB’s debt, but would rather default on $250,000 and let a small business end up closing. Jon’s action would benefit his team and Raider Inc., but would harm Johnson Printing’s business and employees. The result would be another loyal business closed and employees out of job. 2. The stakeholders impacted by the ethical issue would be both the partners/suppliers. Johnson Printing provided books to PLB, thus being their supplier. However, they were also partners because Johnson Printing helped keep PLB afloat for several years and grow. The ethical issue would leave Johnson Printing with money lost. $250,000 to a small business is a big loss than could cost them to close. Not only will Johnson Printing lose money, but they will also lose trust in PLB. 3. In a deontological approach, the best decision would be to pay Johnson Printing the $250,000 and continue to do business with them as usual. Johnson Printing has the right to get paid what is owed to them and to continue in their partnership with PLB due to their long time relationship. This decision represents the deontological approach because it does not take away the stakeholders right to get paid, and it treats Johnson Printing kindly, instead of harming the business. It treats them theShow MoreRelatedHostile Takeover and Ethics6769 Words   |  28 Pagesworkers have time to train for and secure other employment. While voluntary takeovers present few ethical issues hostile takeovers are a different matter. With companies finding few willing partners pressure tactics are often exerted on unwilling targets. Oracle’s US$ 10.5 hostile takeover bid for Peoplesoft or Barrick Gold Corp.s US $10.4-billion ultimately successful bid for Placer Dome Inc., is just the latest example. Any form of pressure tactics and coercion on others, whether done personallyRead MoreWaste Management Case Study2862 Words   |  12 PagesManagement, Inc. In 1971, Waste Management, Inc. had its initial public offering and used those proceeds, and some questionable business practices, to take over their competitors. It was a great time to be in the garbage business as throwaway items and containers began to become more and more common and the trash business was also beginning to deal with environmental issues, such as chemical and toxic waste treatment. During their major growth period during the 1970’s, Waste Management, Inc. hiredRead MoreDisposition Early Childhood Teachers6218 Words   |  25 Pagesdevelopment administrators are left speculating about the part dispositions perform in effective teaching. Johnson Reinman (2007) sought to explore the definition of dispositions as teacher professional judgment and professional action in the moral/ethical domain of adul t cognition. By assessing beginning teacher judgment both quantitatively and qualitatively, convergence between predicted and observed patterns was found in addition to congruence between teacher judgment and action. Based on the findingsRead MoreUnethical Behaviour12228 Words   |  49 PagesDiane J. Chandler Regent University School of Divinity, United States Unethical behavior of leaders has consequences for leaders themselves, followers, and their respective organizations. After defining relevant terms including ethics, morality, and ethical and unethical leadership, a conceptual framework for the unethical behavior of leaders is proposed, which includes the three â€Å"perfect storm† dimensions of leaders, followers, and situational context. Additionally, the mediating variable termed â€Å"criticalRead MoreEfficient Capital Markets, Corporate Disclosure and Enron12656 Words   |  51 PagesMARKET EFFICIENCY CONCLUSION : .. INTRODUCTION The market capitalization of Enron Corporation declined by $63 billion in the one-year period between January 2001 and January 2002. 1 In practical terms, this means that someone who invested in Enron, Inc. for a comfortable retirement nest egg in 2001-say 3000 shares worth about $250,000-would barely have enough money to buy a major home appliance a scant year later. 2 Ironically, Enron s shar es were thought prior to January 2001 to experience relativelyRead MoreA-201: Financial Accounting Study Guide25403 Words   |  102 Pagesthat the statements resulted from an effective internal control system. 2) The Management Letter – Normally states that the management is responsible for the preparation and integrity of the financial statements. Most contain references to GAAP, ethical and social responsibilities, the quality and reliability of the company’s internal control system, the independent audit, and the audit committee of the board of directors. The 4 Financial Statements Generally only interested in the company’s futureRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesHughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition Reed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005 by The McGraw−Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrievalRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesthe three different roles of HR management. Discuss the three dimensions associated with HR management as a strategic business contributor. Explain why HR professionals and operating managers must view HR management as an interface. Discuss why ethical issues and professionalism affect HR management as a career field. ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  3 HR TRANSITIONS HR Management Contributes to Organizational Success More effective management of human resources (HR) increasingly is being seen as positivelyRead MoreMy Phone Thesis16066 Words   |  65 Pagesperformance and word-of-mouth referral. A Gantt chart was used for the time frame of the action plan that was prepared by the researchers. The priorities were gradually shown as well as the Marketing strategies. II. Company Profile Solid Group Inc. Solid Group Incorporated has been in the retail industry for more than 50 years. Starting out as the exclusive distributor of Sony, Chairman Emeritus Mrs. Elena Lim has expanded the company into an empire, solely on the dream of making a differenceRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 PagesCochlearâ„ ¢ – an Australian C A S E O N E high-technology leader Delta Faucet: Global entrepreneurship in an emerging market C A S E T W O DaimlerChrysler: Corporate governance dynamics in a global company C A S E T H R E E Gunns and the greens: Governance issues in Tasmania C A S E F O U R Succeeding in the Sydney indie music industry C A S E F I V E Nucor in 2005 C A S E S I X News Corp in 2005: Consolidating the DirecTV acquisition C A S E S E V E N Shanghai Volkswagen: Implementing project management in

Ben and Jerry’s Entering into the Japanese Market Free Essays

Ben and Jerry’s Entering into the Japanese Market sy Ihart2dance19 Ben ; Jerrys Homemade, Inc. produces super premium ice cream, frozen yogurt, and ice cream novelties in rich and original flavors. The company sells its unique offerings In grocery stores, restaurants, and franchised Ice cream shops, and it holds about one-third of the market for its products. We will write a custom essay sample on Ben and Jerry’s Entering into the Japanese Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now This global company began with only a $12,000 Investment to open Ben ; Jerrys Homemade Ice cream scoop shop In a renovated gas station in downtown Burlington, Vermont, on May 5th, 1978. From one mall shop In downtown Burlington, the company had grown to Include a chain of nearly 100 franchised shops, and a line of products sold in stores across the country. As one of the leading superpremium ice cream (greater richness and density than other kinds of Ice-cream and Is therefore sold at a relatively high price) manufactures, Ben ; Jerrys has to continually expand and develop to compete with other leading brands. The united States Is one of the largest exporting nations as well. The united States sells products to other countries because no country can roduce all of the products the people want. In 1994, den ;Jerrys starting considering advancing into the Japan ice cream market, the second largest ice cream market in the world with sales of approximately $4,5 billion. According to the survey conducted by â€Å"What Japan Thinks,† nearly 2 out of 5 Japanese eat ice cream every week. However, Japan is a great distance from the united States and it would be complicated to distribute the Items to Japan. Japan’s barriers to Imports from foreign countries were high and Ben ; Jerrys were entering the Japanese ice cream market 0years atter Its competitors, such as Haagen-Dazs. According to the survey by â€Å"What Japan Thinks,† the biggest factor in ice cream purchase is by flavor and taste. The Japanese consumers demand high-quality products with different flavors. The demands of the Japanese coincide directly with the product mission statement of Ben ; Jerrys which is â€Å"to make, distribute and sell the finest quality all natural ice cream and euphoric concoctions with a continued commitment to Incorporating wholesome, natural ingredients. So based on the quality and flavors of Ben Jerrys, the ompany doesn’t have to change their recipes or ingredients to be popular In the Japanese ice cream market. However, In Japan ice cream is considered a snack more so than a dessert, so to be user- friendly to the Japanese, Ben ; Jerrys should package their Ice cream In personal cups as well as their point sized package. Additionally, the Japanese are very clean and conscience of sanitation, so having Individual serving would be more appealing to the Japanese people. According to â€Å"What Japan Thinks,† the most popular purchase of ice cream is a single-serving cup ot ice cream. When It comes to perishable goods, supermarkets seem to be much stricter In Japan than In the west about moving on stock before it gets old. It Is very important for a product to have a good reputation, especially in Japan, and if a product Isnt good quality no one will buy the product. Ben ; Jerrys should make sure that their product’s are being monitored, and if the ice cream is close to perishing, they should make sure It gets thrown out, or then their reputation can be ruined In a 1 Ofa minute. nen Ben Jerrys aec10e now tney wlll Introduce tnelr product to Japan, hey have to take into account the sociocultural forces and cultural differences between America and Japan. Although shipping to Japan is not the easiest task, Ben Jerrys is an established corporate company who has been shipping ice cream to the West Coast and to Europe in freezer containers. Ben Jerrys needs to create an efficient supply chain, the sequence of linked activities that must be performed by various organizations to move goods from the sources of raw materials to ultimate consumers, so the company can then ship out their products smoothly. The company hen has to find the best approach to their physical distribution, or logistics. Bringing their products to Japan would require detailed and structured outbound logistics involving managing the flow of finished products and information to business buyers and ultimate consumers. Ben Jerrys then has to choose the right transportation mode. Because Japan is over seas from their Vermont factory, the only 2 options would be water transportation, which is inexpensive but slow (about 3 weeks) or by air, which is fast but expensive. Although Japan has barriers to foreign imports, in 948 the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was formed, which was an international forum for negotiating reductions in trade restrictions. The World Trade Organization (WTO) was also established to assume the task of mediating trade disputes among nations. Japan is part of the WTO, Joining on September 10th, 1955. This will make it easier for Ben Jerrys to advance in Japan’s foreign market because there is a global mediation center. Also, there are expectations of falling tariffs on dairy products, which would be a desirable feature in selling in Japan. Even though Haagen-Dazs had already been selling their superpremium ice cream in Japan’s market, now Ben Jerrys doesn’t have to educate the Japanese market about superpremium ice cream. Haagen-Dazs’s sales in Japan were about $300 million, proving there is a large Japanese ice cream market and superpremium ice cream is desirable in the country. There are many advantages and disadvantages for Ben Jerrys to penetrate the Japanese market by relying on 7-Eleven, an international chain of convenience stores, to distribute their superpremium ice cream. If Ben Jerrys sold directly to 7-Eleven creating a Joint venture or a strategic alliance, they would create a long-term partnership between two companies to undertake a major project and help each company build competitive market advantage. Because Ben Jerrys have expanded all over the world it is a multinational corporation. If Ben Jerrys could sell directly to 7-Eleven, it would eliminate the distribution costs. However, there would be a power struggle between the 2 major companies. If Ben jerry’s agrees to an exclusive agreement with the massive convenience store chain, 7- Eleven would have the upper hand. Another advantage of entering the market through 7-Eleven is the immediate placement of Ben ; Jerrys in over 7000 convenience stores in Japan, giving Ben ; Jerrys an instant access to the market on a large scale. Yet, by doing this, Ben ; Jerrys might not be able to build their own brand name and an issue with 7-Eleven would leave Ben ; Jerrys without their own position in the Japanese market. Also, 7-Eleven insisted that Ben ; Jerrys ice cream be packaged in personal cups as opposed to the pint size, due to the cultural view of ice cream in Japan. This would require $2 million in equipment and different methods in packaging the ice cream, because Ben ; Jerrys would have to comply wltn tnese cnanges. I ne ‘-Eleven approacn to Just-ln-tlme Inventory procedures would make delivery reliability key and costs would have to be minimized. Because the Japanese production is unique, Ben Jerrys would have to be careful to not mix up the Japanese label with the regular label. A disadvantage of relying on 7-Eleven is the asset specific investment in production equipment. Due to these changes, there would be complex logistics and production planning. Also, the pricing and profit distributions are unclear. The only clear thing was that Ben Jerrys would be shipping from their Vermont factory. Entering the market with 7-Eleven would allow Ben Jerrys to have control of their brand, although 7-Eleven would have a dominant position. Ben Jerrys would have to rely on 7-Eleven promoting the brand, which 7- Eleven wasn’t promising. A major advantage is that 7-Eleven is an established corporation, so 7-Eleven has high-level executive involvement and an efficient supply chain. Ben ; Jerrys would increase sales through convenience stores and would ccess the market on a large scale easily. Ken Yamada was also interested in acting as a licensee for Ben ; Jerrys in Japan, overseeing marketing and distribution of its products there. Yamada would be the marketing intermediary for Ben ; Jerrys, being the independent firm which will assist in the flow of goods and services from producers to end-users. Yamada would be a good candidate because he was a well- recommended third-generation Japanese-American, so he knew the culture and how to integrate American and Japanese cultures. He also was already running the Domino’s Pizza franchise in Japan. The Domino’s franchise in Japan was very successful, and Domino’s already delivered ice cream cups, so they had the resources to deliver Ben Jerrys. However, part of Yamada’s agreement was that he would have exclusive rights to the entire Japanese market. This would mean that Yamada would have full control of branding and marketing efforts, making Ben ; Jerrys fully dependent on the efforts of Yamada. He would have full control of the marketing and sales in Japan. Yamada would introduce Ben ; Jerrys to the Japanese market from he initial steps to the large picture; starting with positioning the brand, formulating and strategically orchestrating the initial launch, and concentrating on the best marketing and distribution strategy for the long-term positioning of Ben ; Jerrys in Japan. By using Yamada to introduce Ben ; Jerrys in the Japanese market, Yamada would earn royalty on all sales, but he would have full control of the Japanese market. This would give Ben ; Jerrys instant expertise in a foreign market and because Yamada was already running Domino’s, there was a simple entry strategy and an ongoing marketing management. Yamada was very valuable to the ice cream company. He knew frozen foods, he had an entrepreneurial spirit and marketing sa’. n. y. However, because Yamada would be investing his time in a marketing campaign only after reaching an agreement with Ben ; Jerrys, there was no specific plan available for consideration, and Yamada would have full control and the right to change any plan. Yamada has good market knowledge and the managerial requirements, making it less demanding for Ben ; Jerrys. However, he has no specific business plan and no brand control. Although Ben ; Jerrys managers believe the ompany should delay entering the Japanese market because of economic problems, I think Ben ; Jerrys should enter the Japanese market. Japan is the second largest ice cream market globally, with sweet growth rates. Japan has high profit margins. Japan nas a nlgn aemana Tor super premium Ice cream. Inere Is also a aecllnlng aomestlc growth rates and market shares in Japan. Also, Ben ; Jerrys has excess capacity in the United States factory. Japan has the second largest ice cream market in the world with sales of approximately $4. 5 billion, proving that Ben ; Jerrys would be very successful entering the Japanese market. How to cite Ben and Jerry’s Entering into the Japanese Market, Papers